Clinical significance of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian cysts / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the clinical significance of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian cysts. <b>Methods</b> Patients who were diagnosed with clinically suspected or palpable adnexal masses and underwent gray-scale ultrasonography, transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography, and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) during the period from 2018 to 2021 were enrolled in this study. The pulsatility index (<i>PI</i>) and resistance index (<i>RI</i>) were estimated, and an ovarian cyst with the lowest <i>PI</i> value of < 1.0 or the lowest <i>RI</i> value of < 0.4 was considered as malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of gray-scale ultrasound and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian cysts were estimated with FNAC as the gold standard. <b>Results</b> A total of 180 patients with ovarian cysts were recruited, and FNAC revealed that 81 of them had malignant lesions and 99 of them had benign lesions. The transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonograms showed that 75 patients (92.59%) with malignant lesions had blood-flow signals in their cysts and 42 patients (42.24%) with benign lesions had blood-flow signals in their cysts, with a significant difference in the proportion between the two groups (<i>χ</i>² = 49.29, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Among the 75 patients with blood-flow signals in malignant ovarian cysts, 75 had <i>PI</i> < 1.0 and 24 had <i>RI</i> < 0.4; among the 42 patients with blood-flow signals in benign ovarian cysts, 15 had <i>PI</i> < 1.0 and no one had <i>RI</i> < 0.4; there were significant differences in the proportions of <i>PI</i> < 1.0 and <i>RI</i> < 0.4 between the two groups (<i>χ</i>² = 62.68, <i>P</i> < 0.01; <i>χ</i>² = 16.91, <i>P</i> < 0.01). In addition, compared with the combination of gray-scale ultrasound and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound, gray-scale ultrasound alone had significantly lower sensitivity (51.85% <i>vs</i> 81.48%; <i>χ</i>² = 16.00, <i>P</i> < 0.01), specificity (75.76% <i>vs</i> 93.94%; <i>χ</i>² = 12.73, <i>P</i> < 0.01), PPV (63.64% <i>vs</i> 91.67%; <i>χ</i>² = 15.90, <i>P</i> < 0.01), and NPV (65.79% <i>vs</i> 86.11%; <i>χ</i>² = 12.44, <i>P</i> < 0.01) for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian cysts. <b>Conclusion</b> Gray-scale ultrasound is effective for diagnosing ovarian cysts; however, gray-scale ultrasound combined with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound can improve the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian cysts.

Comparison of epidemic characteristics between SARS in2003 and COVID-19 in 2020 in Guangzhou / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective By analyzing the epidemic characteristics and related indicators of SARS (2003) and COVID-19(2020), to explore the reasons for the similarities and differences of the two epidemics, so as to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control. Methods The general situation, clinical classification, activity history, contact history, family members’ contact and incidence of the two infectious diseases in Guangzhou were collected and used to analyze the time characteristics, occupational characteristics, age characteristics and other key indicators of the two diseases, including the number of cases, composition ratio (%), mean, median, crude mortality, etc. Results A total of 1 072 cases of SARS (2003) were included in the study. 353 of which were severe cases with the incidence of 30.13%. 43 cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.01%. The average age was 46 years old, and 26.31% of the cases were medical staff. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 129 days. As to COVID-19 (2020), a total of 346 cases were included. 58 of which were severe cases with the incidence of 16.67%. One case of death was reported with a mortality rate of 0.29%. The average age was 38 years old, and no hospital infection among medical staff was reported. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 35 days. Conclusions The prevention and control strategies for COVID-19 (2010) are more effective compared to that of SARS (2003), and the emergency response procedures are worth to be evaluated and summarized.

Mutations in SLC26A4 Gene and Relevant Phenotype Analysis in Fifty-nine Cases of Enlargement of Vestibular Aqueduct(EVA)Syndrome Children in Guangdong District / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective The molecular etiology of hearing impairment in Guangdong District has not been thor-oughly investigated.SCL26A4 gene mutation and relevant phenotype were analyzed in this study.Methods The coding exons of SLC26A4 were analyzed in 59 EVA cases.Those SLC26A4 gene mutations patients were examined by temporal bone CT.Results Fifty-nine cases were SLC26A4 mutations deafness patients,and 21 cases (35. 59%)and 38 cases (64.41%)patients with SLC26A4 biallelic allele (compound homozygous or heterozygous)and monoallelic gene mutation,including 16 cases of SLC26A4 gene IVS7-2 A> G homozygous mutations,2 cases of 2168A>G homozygous mutations and 3 cases of IVS7-2A>G,2168 A > G compound heterozygous mutations in children with CT showing bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct or other types of inner ear malformations.Thirty-one patients were IVS7-2A>G heterozygous for SLC26A4 mutation and seven 2168 A > G heterozygous muta-tion.Four patients with SLC26A4 gene mutations were confirmed to have enlarged vestibular aqueduct with Mondini dysplasia.Two patients with normal phenotype ,and others were enlarged vestibular aqueduct.Conclusion Muta-tions in the SLC26A4 gene with enlarged vestibular aqueduct patients were frequently found in Guangdong District.IVS7-2A>G mutations rate were highest,followed by 2168 A > G.We established the new strategy that detects SLC26A4 mutations prior to the temporal bone CT scan to find enlarged vestibular aqueduct and inner ear malforma-tion patients .

The clinical application of gene chips combined with CT examination in the diagnosis of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome patients / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility and superiority of the gene chip method and temporal bone CT in diagnosis of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.@*METHOD@#One hundred and eighty-eight cases of deaf students in Guangzhou were selected,the microarray detection of the SLC26A4 gene locus was performed,and the 26 cases of students with detected SLC26A4 gene mutations received temporal bone CT imaging.@*RESULT@#Among the detected 26 cases of patients with hearing loss, IVS7-2A>G homozygous mutation was found in 7 cases, 17 cases were heterozygous mutation, 2168A>G heterozygous mutation presented in three cases, including one case of IVS7-2A>G and 2168A>G compound heterozygous mutations. Temporal bone CT findings of 25 cases among the 26 patients showed bilateral large vestibular aqueduct,among which 9 cases exhibited bilateral cochlear malformations, and 1 case was normal.@*CONCLUSION@#Among the different SLC26A4 gene mutations, IVS7-2A>G point mutation rates the highest, followed by 2168A>G. Most of the CT examination prompted the expansion of the vestibular aqueduct. Deafness gene chip hotspot detection of SLC26A4 gene mutations can diagnose such patients before CT examination,which can be used for screening people with high risk of deafness prenatal screening. The early detection and early diagnosis can guide proper precautionary measures in advance to prevent the occurrence of prelingual deafness.

The influence of in awake and sleeping to the thresholds of ASSR / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the difference of the threshold of auditory steady-state evoked responses (ASSR) in awake and sleeping.@*METHOD@#Fifteen adults (30 ears) with normal hearing were selected to ASSR test. ASSR parameters: carrier frequency (CM)are 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0 kHz, modulation frequency (FM) are 46.81 Hz. The test was performed in two different status (in awake and sleeping).@*RESULT@#In awake, the thresholds of ASSR with FM of 46 Hz are significantly lower than 81 Hz (P < 0.01); In sleeping, the thresholds of ASSR with FM of 81 Hz are lower than 46 Hz above 2 kHz CM (P < 0.05), which thresholds were close to pure tone.@*CONCLUSION@#To select low modulate (46 Hz) frequency in awake, and use high modulate (81 Hz) frequency in sleeping. When perform ASSR test, the test values are closer to the actual hearing threshold.

An analysis of opportunistic infection in 762 inpatients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Guangdong areas / 中华内科杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics of opportunistic infection (OI) in patients with HIV/AIDS in Guangdong and the relationship between OI and the change in blood CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4+ ).Methods Seven hundred and sixty two patients with HIV/AIDS admitted were analyzed. Results Among all the 762 patients, 704 (92.39% ) had more than one kind of OI, with 1428 episodes totally.Etiologically, fungus infection (38.38% ) was most common, followed by bacteria (36.20% ), and virus (7.77% ) infection. Most OI occurred in the lungs (33.05% ), mouth (26.89% ), skin (10.29% ) and gastro-intestine (8.96% ).Septicemia and other systemic disseminated diseases accounted for 6.58% and 9.94% respectively.The incidence of OI in patients with CD4+= 200/μ1 (103/136, 75.74%) was significantly lower than that in patients with CD4+ <200/μ1 (601/626, 96.01%), P<0.01.All the AIDS defining OI were found in patients with CD4+ <200/μ1 Among them, 81.97% of patients with pneumonia carinii pneumonia (PCP), 71.43% of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis and all the patients with cryptococcal meningitis, disseminated cryptococosis, disseminated histoplasmosis, mycobacterium avium intracellular complex (MAC), disseminated penicilliosis mameffei and toxoplasma cerebritis had the CD4+ less than 50/ μ1.Conclusions The most common OI in patients with AIDS in Guangdong area are fungi, bacterial and viral infections.Lung, mouth, skin, gastro-intestine and systemic disseminated infections are the most prevalent infections.As the CD4+ decreased, the incidence of OI especially AIDS defining OI increased. Dynamic detection of CD4+ will be of great help for the prediction, prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of OI in patients with AIDS.

Reserch of The Measures of Protection and Control Against Nosocomial Infection of H1N1 Influenza / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of the measures of protection and control of nosocomial infection in the period of H1N1 Influenza prevalence.METHODS Established emergency plan and concrete working procedure,enhanced training.Strictly disinfection and isolation and personal protection,supervising and checking were carried out.RESULTS No nosocomial infection happened in our hospital in the diagnosis and treatment of H1N1 Influenza.CONCLUSIONS Carried out general measures of protection and management are the key to provent nosocomial infection.

Drug Resistance of 449 Pathogenic Strains / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To find out the distribution and durg resistance of the pathogens in 2008 in the 8th People′s Hospital of Guangzhou.METHODS Disc diffusion test(KB methods) was employed to study the antimicrobial susceptibility.WHONET 5.3 was applied for date analysis.RESULTS 208 Gram positive coccus strains accounted for(46.3%),241 Gram negative bacillus strains(53.67%) in A total of 449 pathogenic strains.Meticillin resistant strains accounted for 41.7%and Staphylococcus aureus and CNS for 55%.All the Staphylococcus strains were not Vancomycin-resistance.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnenmoniae strains producing extended spectrum-beta-lactamas accounted for 41.4%and 44.2%,but were highly sensitive to Carbapenem.Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were highly sensitive to Carbapenem.CONCLUSIONS The resistance of antibiotics should be continuously monitored to provide basis for reasonable use of drugs in clinical practice and take effective evidence for the control of the problem.

Literature Analysis of 2 Cases of Cross Allergic Reaction between Carbopenem and Penicillin / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the characteristics and regularity of cross allergic reaction between carbopenems and penicillin.METHODS:2 cases about cross allergic reaction between ertapenem and penicillin were reported,716 cases of cross allergic reaction between carbopenems and penicillin in 9 literatures were collected from databases from Jan.1986 to Jan.2010 and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The incidence of allergic reactions caused by carbopenems in patients with allergic history were higher than that in patients without allergic history.Allergic reaction mostly occurred within 15 min～49 d.Sound therapeutic efficacy can be achieved because of immediate withdrawal of drug and anti-allergy treatment,patients were with good prognosis.CONCLUSION:Great importance should be attached to monitoring of cross allergic reaction between carbopenems and penicillin and rational use of drugs.

Antibiotic Usage in Infectious Disease Hospital:Survey and Analysis / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the antibiotic usage in infectious disease hospital,and offer(scientific) rule for antibiotic usage.METHODS The retrospective investigation of antibiotics usage in 1991 in-(patients) from Sep 2004 to Mar 2005 was carried out.RESULTS From 1991 patients,909 patients used antibiotics,percentage of antibiotic usage was 45.7%;66.7% patients used one antibiotic,28.6% patients used twice,(4.73%) used triple.From them 29.3% were used for prevention,and 70.85% for treatment;of all the unsuitable use,widen range of the indication,longer(usage),changing frequently,etc were the main causes.CONCLUSIONS Unsuitable usage of antibiotics could be found in our hospital.It is necessary for hospital to strengthen the (management) of antibiotic usage in inpatients.

Applications of Wireless Network Technology in Hospital / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design and analyze the comprehensive application of wireless network in hospital.Methods The wireless network technology and the 802.11 criterions and the main application fields of wireless network in hospitals were introduced,and analyzed the application directions of wireless network in hospitals and summarized the main effects of wireless network at hospitals.Results The application of wireless network in hospital can be raised the hospital management level,the medical quality and the working efficiency effectively.Conclusion The application of wireless network in hospital is so ripe that better functionality and efficiency of hospital information system could be gave.